Information Technology Quiz: Milestones

Milestones in Computer History
　
Early Ages

SN Historical Milestone Approximate Date Related Person

1. Carving notches on bones for counting purpose began around 30,000 to 20,000 BC 　

2. Place value number systems started from 8500 BC 　

3. Invention of Abacus, first known counting device 1000 to 500 BC 　

4. Use of Zero and negative numbers started around 300 – 600 BC 　

Distant Past Inventions

SN Historical Milestone Approximate Date Related Person

5. The first self striking water clock 1434 AD 　

6. Leonardo da Vinci’s mechanical calculator 1500 Leonardo da Vinci

Seventh (17^{th) Century Developments}

^SN ^{Historical Milestone} ^{Approximate Date} ^{Related Person}

^7. ^{John Napier’s Bones

(A set of 11 rods carved with numbers used for simplifying multiplication purpose)} ¹⁶¹⁴ ^{John Napier}

^8. ^{William Oughtred’s Slide Rule

(A set of two or more rulers that slide upon other used for division and multiplications aids)} ¹⁶²¹ ^{William Oughtred}

^9. ^{Wilhemm Schickard’s mechanical calculator} ¹⁶²⁵ ^{Wilhemm Schickard}

^10. ^{Blaise Pascal’s Arithmetic Machine – La Pascaline

(A mechanical way of adding numbers by dialing wheels)} ¹⁶⁴⁰ ^{Blaise Pascal}

^11. ^{Gottfried von Leibniz’s Stepped Reckoner

(Improvement on Pascaline that could perform multiplications and divisions too)} ¹⁶⁷⁰ ^{Gottfried von Leibniz}

^{Eighteenth (18th ) Century Development

^SN ^{Historical Milestone} ^{Approximate Date} ^{Related Person}
^12. ^{The first English Typewriter patent} ¹⁷¹⁴ 　
^13. ^{Colmar’s Arithmometer} ¹⁷⁸⁵ ^Colmar
^{Nineteenth (19th ) Century Development

^SN ^{Historical Milestone} ^{Approximate Date} ^{Related Person}
^14. ^{Joseph Jacquard’s Punched Cards

(Used to automate weaving patterns in looms)} ¹⁸⁰⁰ ^{Joseph Jacquard}
^15. ^{Charles Babbage’s Difference Engine} ¹⁸²² ^{Charles Babbage (Father of Computer)}
^16. ^{The first American Typewriter patent} ¹⁸²⁹ 　
^17. ^{Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine} ¹⁸³⁰ ^{Charles Babbage}
^18. ^{George and Edward Scheutz’s Difference Engine} ¹⁸³⁴ ^{George, Edward Scheutz}
^19. ^{Samuel Morse’s Invention of electric telegraph} ¹⁸³⁷ ^{Samuel Morse}
^20. ^{The first programmer Augusta suggested Binary Storage} ¹⁸⁴⁰ ^{Augusta Ada}
^21. ^{George Bool’s Boolean Algebra} ¹⁸⁴⁷ ^{George Bool}
^22. ^{Sir Charles Wheatstone’s use of paper tape to store data} ¹⁸⁵⁷ ^{Sir Charles Wheatstone}
^23. ^{The first commercial typewriter} ¹⁸⁶⁷ 　
^24. ^{George Bernard Grant’s Difference Engine} ¹⁸⁶⁷ ^{George Bernard Grant}
^25. ^{Charles Pierce links Boolean Algebra to circuits based on switches} ¹⁸⁸⁶ ^{Charles Pierce}
^26. ^{Dr. Herman Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine} ¹⁸⁹⁰ ^{Dr. Herman Hollerith (IBM)}
^{Twentieth (20th ) Century Development

^SN ^{Historical Milestone} ^{Approximate Date} ^{Related Person}
^27. ^{John Ambrose Fleming’s invention of Vacuum Tubes} ¹⁹⁰⁰ ^{John Ambrose Fleming}
^28. ^{The first teleprinters} ¹⁹⁰² 　
^29. ^{Lee de Forest’s invention of Triode} ¹⁹⁰⁶ ^{Lee de Forest}
^30. ^{Patent for semiconductor transistor} ¹⁹²⁶ 　
^31. ^{The Dvorak keyboard} ¹⁹³⁶ 　
^32. ^{Alan Turing’s Turing Machine} ¹⁹³⁷ ^{Alan Turing}
^33. ^{John Vincent Atanasoft and Clifford Bery’s ABC Computer

(Special purpose electronic digital computer)} ¹⁹³⁹ ^{John Vincent Atanasoft , Clifford Bery}
^34. ^{Howard’s Kiken’s Harvard Mark I (IBM ASCC)} ¹⁹³⁹ ^Howard
^35. ^{John von Neumann’s Stored Program Concept} ¹⁹⁴⁰ ^{John von Neumann}
^36. ^{Konr Zuse’s Z1, Z3 and Z4 computers

(All these computers destroyed on world war)} ¹⁹⁴¹ ^{Konr Zuse}
^37. ^{Alan Turing and COLOSSUS developed Vacuum Tube technology} ¹⁹⁴³ ^{Alan Turing}
^38. ^{ENIAC

(The first general purpose electronic digital computer)} ¹⁹⁴³ 　
^39. ^{EDVAC

(The first stored program concept computer)} ¹⁹⁴⁴ 　
^40. ^{Aiken built Mark – I} ¹⁹⁴⁴ 　
^41. ^{The first computer bug} ¹⁹⁴⁴ 　
^42. ^{UNIVAC

(The first commercial computer)} ¹⁹⁴⁸ 　
^43. ^{The first assembler – Initial Orders} ¹⁹⁴⁹ 　
^44. ^{Wang’s Magnetic Core Memory} ¹⁹⁴⁹ 　
^45. ^{Hopper’s UNIVAC-I Compiler} ¹⁹⁵⁰ ^Hopper
^46. ^{G.W.A. Dummer conceives integrated circuits} ¹⁹⁵² 　
^47. ^{FORTRAN was developed} ¹⁹⁵⁷ 　
^48. ^{Kibly & Noce developed first IC} ¹⁹⁵⁸ ^{Jack S Kibly ,Robert Noce}
^49. ^{COBOL developed} ¹⁹⁵⁹ 　
^50. ^{IBM System/360 mainframe computer} ¹⁹⁶⁰ 　
^51. ^{BASIC developed by Kemeny & Kurtz} ¹⁹⁶⁵ ^{Kemeny , Kurtz}
^52. ^{First disk storage by IBM} ¹⁹⁶⁶ 　
^53. ^{Keyboard, Mouse and first GUI} ¹⁹⁶⁸ 　
^54. ^{First Static and Dynamic RAMs used} ¹⁹⁷⁰ 　
^55. ^{Hoff’s first Microprocessor – 4004} ¹⁹⁷¹ 　
^56. ^{8 inch floppy disk appeared} ¹⁹⁷¹ 　
^57. ^{8008 Microprocessor launched} ¹⁹⁷² 　
^58. ^{5.25 inch Mini Floppy disk} ¹⁹⁷² 　
^59. ^{Hard Disk Devices started} ¹⁹⁷³ 　
^60. ^{8080, 6800 microprocessors} ¹⁹⁷⁴ 　
^61. ^{Father of Micro Computers Roberts developed Altair 8800 microcomputer} ¹⁹⁷⁵ 　
^62. ^{Microsoft founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen} ¹⁹⁷⁵ ^{Bill Gates ,Paul Allen}
^63. ^{Steven Jobs & Wozniak developed Apple I and Apple II microcomputers} ¹⁹⁷⁶ ^{Steven Jobs ,Steve Wozniak}
^64. ^{Cray developed the Cray-I super computer} ¹⁹⁷⁶ 　
^65. ^{8086 microprocessor} ¹⁹⁸⁰ 　
^66. ^{First IBP PC with DOS} ¹⁹⁸¹ 　
^67. ^{Microsoft Windows introduced} ¹⁹⁸⁵ 　
^68. ^{Intel’s 386 microprocessor} ¹⁹⁸⁵ 　
^69. ^{Intel 486 microprocessor} ¹⁹⁸⁹ 　
^70. ^{Intel’s Pentium (586)} ¹⁹⁹² 　
^71. ^{Intel’s Pentium Pro (x86)} ¹⁹⁹⁶ 　
^72. ^{Pentium II} ¹⁹⁹⁷ 　
^73. ^{Pentium III} ¹⁹⁹⁹ 　
^74. ^{Pentium IV} ²⁰⁰⁰ 　
^75. ^{Core 2 Duo} 　　
^76. ^{Duo core processor}}}}

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Milestones

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SN	Historical Milestone	Approximate Date	Related Person
1.	Carving notches on bones for counting purpose began around	30,000 to 20,000 BC
2.	Place value number systems started from	8500 BC
3.	Invention of Abacus, first known counting device	1000 to 500 BC
4.	Use of Zero and negative numbers started around	300 – 600 BC

^SN	^{Historical Milestone}	^{Approximate Date}	^{Related Person}
^7.	^{John Napier’s Bones (A set of 11 rods carved with numbers used for simplifying multiplication purpose)}	¹⁶¹⁴	^{John Napier}
^8.	^{William Oughtred’s Slide Rule (A set of two or more rulers that slide upon other used for division and multiplications aids)}	¹⁶²¹	^{William Oughtred}
^9.	^{Wilhemm Schickard’s mechanical calculator}	¹⁶²⁵	^{Wilhemm Schickard}
^10.	^{Blaise Pascal’s Arithmetic Machine – La Pascaline (A mechanical way of adding numbers by dialing wheels)}	¹⁶⁴⁰	^{Blaise Pascal}
^11.	^{Gottfried von Leibniz’s Stepped Reckoner (Improvement on Pascaline that could perform multiplications and divisions too)}	¹⁶⁷⁰	^{Gottfried von Leibniz}